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Spinal anatomy [electronic resource] : modern concepts / Jean Marc Vital, Derek T. Cawley, editors.

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Bibliographic Details
Online Access: Full Text (via Springer)
Other Authors: Vital, Jean-Marc, Cawley, Derek Thomas
Other title:Anatomie de la colonne vertébrale. English.
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:English
French
Published: Cham : Springer, 2020.
Subjects:
Spine > Anatomy.
Spine > Anatomy > Atlases.
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Part I: Phylogenesis and Ontogenesis
  • Comparative Anatomy of the Axial Skeleton of Vertebrates
  • Introduction
  • The Organization Plan for the Vertebrates
  • Adaptive Constraints of the Living Environment
  • Constraints of the Aquatic Environment
  • Constraints of the Terrestrial Air Environment
  • Fish
  • Terrestrial Vertebrates
  • Amphibians (About 7000 Species)
  • Reptiles (Approximately 8950 Species)
  • The Cervical Spine
  • Birds (Approximately 10,000 Species)
  • Mammals (About 5500 Species)
  • The Cervical Spine
  • Structure
  • Movements.
  • The Craniovertebral Musculature
  • Postures
  • Thoracic Spine and Lumbosacral
  • Structures
  • Musculature
  • Postures
  • References
  • Embryology of the Vertebral Column
  • Genetic and Biochemical Considerations
  • Embryology of the Vertebromedullary Axis
  • Early Development
  • Trilaminar Embryo
  • The Notochord
  • Primary Neurulation
  • Secondary Neurulation
  • Formation and Differentiation of Somites
  • References
  • The Growing Spine
  • A Mosaic of Growth Cartilage
  • Vertebral Growth Is Growth by Endochondral Ossification
  • Embryology Holds First Truths.
  • The Fetal Period: The Strongest of All Growth Is the Intra-Uterine Period
  • Vertebral Curves Are Not Primitive But Acquired
  • At Birth, 30% of the Spine Is Ossified
  • The First Five Years of Life Are Decisive: Living Growth
  • Growth Between 5 Years and the Beginning of the Puberty
  • Puberty, a Decisive Turn: New Acceleration
  • Each Level of the Spine: A Different Growth
  • The Cervical Spine
  • Central Spinal Canal at the End of Growth
  • Cervical Spine Height
  • The Superior Cervical Spine
  • The Growth of the Atlas (Figs. 27, 28, and 29)
  • The Growth of the Axis Is Even More Complex.
  • The Lower Cervical Spine
  • The T1-S1 Segment (Figs. 31a, b, 32, and 33)
  • The Thoracic Spine T1-T12 (Figs. 34 and 35)
  • The Lumbar Spine L1-L5 (Figs. 36 and 37)
  • The Sacrum
  • The Intervertebral Disc
  • The Growth of the Thorax: 4th Dimension of the Spine
  • Bodyweight
  • Parasol Effect
  • What Size Deficit for Which Arthrodesis?
  • First Scenario: Arthrodesis of the Thoracic Spine
  • Second Scenario: Arthrodesis of the Lumbar Spine
  • All Scoliosis Will in Time Become Identified as a Growth Cartilage Disease
  • The Growth of the Spine: From Normal to Pathological.
  • Managing Infantile Scoliosis Is Controlling the Vilebrequin Effect
  • Suggested Readings
  • The Growth Cartilages of the Spine and Pelvic Vertebra
  • Neurocentral Cartilage (NCC)
  • The Ring Apophysis
  • Ossification of the Pelvic Vertebra
  • Bone Age During Puberty
  • References
  • Morphologic and Functional Evolution of the Aging Spine
  • Age-Related Structural Alterations
  • The Intervertebral Disc
  • Structural Modifications
  • A Fragile Avascular Tissue
  • A Genetic Predisposition?
  • Genesis and Contributions to Aging on Histomorphological Features
  • Aggravating Factors.

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