Table of Contents:
  • Introduction:
  • 1. The re-birth of apocalyptic study
  • 2. Reasons for this re-birth of interest
  • Availability of new texts
  • Recognition of its importance for theological study
  • Its affinity with today's world.
  • I. The literature: Identification and definition
  • 1. Books and more books
  • A spate of books
  • The 'outside books': apocrypha and pseudepigrapha
  • Types of literature
  • The Dead Sea Scrolls
  • 2. Apocalyptic and apocalyptic literature
  • Derivation
  • Identification
  • Methodology
  • 3. A question of definition
  • A confusing situation
  • The listing method
  • A literary phenomenon
  • A three-fold division
  • A theological concept
  • Apocalypse: An attempted definition
  • Conclusion.
  • II. Apocalyptic: Its birth and growth
  • 1. Apocalyptic and its historical background
  • 'Tracts for the time'
  • Hellenistic culture and Jewish hope
  • Antiochus IV and the Book of Daniel
  • Hasmoneans and Romans
  • 2. The roots of apocalyptic
  • Apocalyptic and prophecy
  • Apocalyptic and wisdom
  • Apocalyptic and scribalism
  • Apocalyptic and the priesthood
  • Apocalyptic and culture
  • 3. The birth and growth of apocalyptic
  • Coventicles in Israel
  • Two rival factions
  • Groups and parties: 'the wise' and the Hasidim
  • 4. Its 'popularity'
  • III. Apocalyptic groups and Apocalyptic books
  • 1. Apocalyptic groups
  • 2. I Enoch (Ethiopic Book of Enoch)
  • A popular book
  • A composite work
  • A lost tradition
  • 3. The Book of Daniel
  • The name
  • A Daniel tradition?
  • The book
  • 4. The Book of Jubilees
  • Its nature and origin
  • Its teaching
  • 5. Other apocalyptic books
  • The Testament of Moses
  • The Testament of Levi 2-5
  • II Enoch (Slavonic Book of Enoch)
  • The Treatise of Shem
  • The Apocalypse of Abraham
  • The Testament of Abraham
  • The Apocalypse of Zephaniah
  • IV Ezra (II Esdras)
  • II Baruch (Syriac Apocalypse of Baruch)
  • IV. Revelation: Its reception and expression
  • 1. Inspiration and revelation
  • Voice of prophecy dumb
  • Revelation through Torah
  • A new revelation: apocalyptic and Torah
  • A new revelation: apocalyptic and prophecy
  • 2. Methods and modes of revelation
  • Pseudonymous authorship
  • Symbolic in language
  • 3. Media of revelation
  • Dream-visions
  • Otherworldly journeys
  • Mediation of angels
  • Secret books
  • Meditation on scripture.
  • V. Divine secrets revealed
  • 1. Cosmology
  • The created world
  • The throne of God
  • 2. History
  • The God of history
  • The unity of history
  • 'Predicting' the past
  • History systematized and predetermined
  • 3. Eschatology
  • The future hope
  • The 'messianic woes'
  • Participation in the Kingdom
  • The transcendence of death
  • The nature of survival
  • Resurrection
  • The Final Judgment.
  • VI. Dualism and Apocalyptic
  • 1. Worlds apart
  • Two worlds
  • Two dimensions
  • Two ages
  • 2. Cosmic dualism
  • The 'fall' of the angels
  • In battle array
  • 3. Ethical dualism
  • Two ways
  • Two spirits.
  • VII. Messiah and 'Son of Man'
  • 1. Expectation and speculation
  • As king and priest
  • Two eschatological prophets
  • The Messiah in heaven
  • 2. Messiah and 'son of man'
  • The expression 'son of man'
  • In Daniel 7:13
  • Later messianic interpretation.
  • VIII. Apocalyptic interpretation: A Christian perspective
  • 1. In the New Testament
  • The framework of apocalyptic
  • The transformation of apocalyptic
  • 2. Criteria of interpretation
  • The integrity of the texts
  • Prediction, not static but dynamic
  • The test of scripture
  • 3. The message of apocalyptic
  • God is in control
  • The Kingdom will come.