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Back pain in the young child and adolescent : a case-based guide / Richard M. Schwend, William L. Hennrikus, editors.

Back pain is a common musculoskeletal condition that presents to physicians in the primary care office, the urgent care facility, and the emergency room. However, few primary care physicians have received education and training about the appropriate workup and referral for a child who presents with...

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Bibliographic Details
Online Access: Full Text (via Springer)
Other Authors: Schwend, Richard M. (Editor), Hennrikus, William L. (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Cham, Switzerland : Springer, [2021]
Subjects:
Backache > Case studies.
Pediatric orthopedics.
Pediatrics.
Orthopedics.
Backache.
Case studies.
Table of Contents:
  • Intro
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Contributor List
  • Part I: Background
  • Chapter 1: Epidemiology of Pediatric Back Pain
  • Introduction
  • Defining Back Pain
  • Prevalence
  • Back Pain
  • Neck and Thoracic Pain
  • Low Back Pain
  • Incidence
  • Pain Frequency, Duration, and Intensity
  • Disability
  • Medical Attention
  • Natural History
  • Risk Factors
  • Physical Domain
  • Trunk Muscles
  • Trunk Mobility
  • Posture
  • Trunk Asymmetry
  • Muscle and Joint Flexibility
  • Trunk Stability
  • Biological Domain
  • Weight and Height
  • Gender
  • Family History
  • Lifestyle Domain
  • Activity.
  • Sedentary Activity
  • Physical Activity
  • Sport
  • Occupational Activity
  • Sleep
  • Smoking and Alcohol
  • Backpacks
  • Psychosocial Domain
  • Psychological, Behavioral, and Cognitive Factors
  • Social Factors
  • Approaching Back Pain from a Multidimensional Perspective
  • Prevention
  • Brief Summary
  • Conclusion
  • Editor Discussion
  • References
  • Chapter 2: Anatomy of the Pediatric Spine
  • Cervical Spine (Fig. 2.5)
  • Thoracic Spine (Fig. 2.3)
  • Lumbar Spine (Fig. 2.6)
  • Editor Discussion
  • References.
  • Chapter 3: Medical and Non-surgical Conditions That Can Cause or Contribute to Back Pain in a Child or Adolescent
  • Mechanical Back Pain (Non-specific or Muscular Back Pain)
  • Scoliosis
  • Back Pain in Children with Neuromuscular Disease
  • Muscle Strain and Spasm
  • Spondylolysis/Spondylolisthesis
  • Scheuermann Disease
  • Degenerative Disease
  • Bertolotti Syndrome
  • Spinal Dysraphism
  • Benign but Locally Aggressive Tumors of the Spine
  • Osteoid Osteoma/Osteoblastoma
  • Histiocytosis
  • Malignancy
  • Leukemia
  • Ewing Sarcoma
  • Spinal Cord Tumor
  • Infection
  • Discitis
  • Osteomyelitis.
  • Systemic Disease
  • Osteoporosis/Metabolic Bone Disease
  • Sickle Cell Disease
  • Spondyloarthropathy
  • Extra-skeletal Causes of Back Pain
  • Editor Discussion
  • References
  • Chapter 4: History Evaluation of the Child or Adolescent with Back Pain Including Ten Red Flags
  • Introduction
  • Summary
  • Editor Discussion
  • References
  • Chapter 5: Physical Examination of the Child or Adolescent with Back Pain
  • Editor Discussion
  • References
  • Chapter 6: Radiologic Imaging and Laboratory Evaluation of Back Pain in Children and Adolescents
  • Introduction
  • Imaging
  • Role of Plain Radiography.
  • Radiation Exposure
  • Special Views
  • Role of Computerized Tomography (CT Scan)
  • Spinal Cord Injury Without Radiographic Abnormality (SCIWORA)
  • Technetium Nuclear Bone Scan
  • PET-CT
  • Imaging Findings on Plain Radiography
  • Initial Approach to Reading Plain Radiographs of the Spine
  • Disc Disease and Schmorl's Nodes
  • Fracture or Dislocation
  • Scheuermann's Kyphosis
  • Transitional Vertebra
  • Spina Bifida Occulta
  • Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
  • Spinal Deformity
  • Vertebra Plana
  • MRI
  • Examples of Commonly Encountered Pediatric Variations and Abnormalities.

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