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Advances in the biology and management of modern bed bugs / edited by Stephen Doggett, Dini M. Miller, Chow-Yang Lee.

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The first comprehensive scholarly treatment of bed bugs since 1966.

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Bibliographic Details
Online Access: Full Text (via Wiley)
Other Authors: Doggett, Stephen L. (Editor), Miller, Dini M., 1962- (Editor), Lee, Chow-Yang, 1969- (Editor)
Format: eBook
Language:English
Published: Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
Subjects:
Bedbugs.
Bedbugs > Control.
Table of Contents:
  • Machine generated contents note: pt. I Bed Bugs in Society
  • 1. Bed Bugs Through History / Michael F. Potter
  • 1.1. Introduction
  • 1.2. Origins and Spread
  • 1.3. Early Extermination Methods
  • 1.4. Propagation Within Cities (1880s
  • 1950s)
  • 1.5. Determination
  • and a Silver Bullet
  • 1.5.1. Bed Bug Insecticides
  • 1.5.2. Bug Proof Design and Construction
  • 1.5.3. Bed Bug Traps
  • 1.5.4. Lethal Temperatures
  • 1.6. Past is Present
  • References
  • 2. Bed Bugs in Popular Culture / David Cain
  • 2.1. Introduction
  • 2.2. Bed Bugs in Poetry
  • 2.3. Bed Bugs in the Figurative Arts
  • 2.4. Bed Bugs in Theatre
  • 2.5. Bed Bugs in Literature
  • 2.6. Bed Bugs in Music
  • 2.7. Bed Bugs in Television
  • 2.8. Bed Bugs in Linguistics
  • 2.9. Bed Bugs in Erotica
  • 2.10. Use of Bed Bugs in Popular Culture Through Time
  • References
  • pt. II Global Bed Bug Resurgence
  • 3. Bed Bug Resurgence in North America / Dini M. Miller
  • 3.1. Introduction
  • 3.2. Bed Bug Resurgence in the United States
  • 3.3. Bed Bug Resurgence in Canada
  • 3.4. Summary
  • References
  • 4. Bed Bug Resurgence in Latin America / Marcio R. Lage
  • 4.1. Introduction
  • 4.2. Bed Bugs in Brazil
  • 4.3. Resurgence of Bed Bugs in Brazil
  • 4.4. Elsewhere in Latin America
  • References
  • 5. Bed Bug Resurgence in Europe and Russia / Mohammad Akhoundi
  • 5.1. Introduction
  • 5.2. History of Bed Bugs in the Region
  • 5.3. Historical Laws to Control Bed Bugs Pre-resurgence
  • 5.4. Documented Evidence for the Bed Bug Decline
  • 5.5. Early Evidence for the Resurgence
  • 5.6. Degree of the Resurgence
  • 5.7. Region-specific Factors in the Resurgence
  • 5.8. Strategies to Combat the Resurgence
  • References
  • 6. Bed Bug Resurgence in Asia / Yijuan Xu
  • 6.1. Introduction
  • 6.2. History of Bed Bugs in Asia
  • 6.3. Laws, Regulations and Policies for Bed Bug Control Prior to the Resurgence
  • 6.4. Modern Resurgence of Bed Bugs in Asia
  • 6.5. Specific Factors Related to the Bed Bug Resurgence in Asia
  • 6.6. Bed Bug Management Strategies in Asia
  • References
  • 7. Bed Bug Resurgence in Australia / Toni Cains
  • 7.1. Introduction
  • 7.2. History of Bed Bugs in Australia
  • 7.3. Documented Evidence for the Bed Bug Decline
  • 7.4. Modern Resurgence
  • 7.5. Strategies to Combat the Bed Bug Resurgence
  • References
  • 8. Bed Bug Resurgence in Africa / Dionne Crafford
  • 8.1. Introduction
  • 8.2. History of Bed Bugs in Africa
  • 8.3. Laws, Regulations, and Policies for Bed Bug Control Pre-resurgence
  • 8.4. Documented Evidence for the Bed Bug Decline
  • 8.5. Early Evidence for the Resurgence
  • 8.6. Extent of the Resurgence
  • 8.7. Region- and Country-specific Reasons for the Resurgence
  • 8.8. Strategies to Combat the Resurgence and Relative Success
  • References
  • 9. Bed Bug Resurgence in the Indian Subcontinent / Joshua A. Rao
  • 9.1. Introduction
  • 9.2. History of Bed Bugs in the Indian Subcontinent
  • 9.3. Laws to Control Bed Bugs Pre-resurgence
  • 9.4. Documented Evidence for the Bed Bug Decline
  • 9.5. Modern Resurgence
  • 9.6. Strategies to Combat the Bed Bug Resurgence
  • References
  • 10. Bed Bug Resurgence in the Middle East / Odelon Del Mundo Reyes
  • 10.1. Introduction
  • 10.2. History of Bed Bugs in The Middle East
  • 10.3. Regional Reports of the Bed Bug Resurgence
  • 10.4. Impact of the Bed Bug Resurgence
  • 10.5. Pest Management Professionals Close Encounters with Cimicids
  • References
  • pt. III Bed Bug Impacts
  • 11. Dermatology and Immunology / Pablo Fernandez-Penas
  • 11.1. Introduction
  • 11.2. Bed Bug Saliva
  • 11.3. Cutaneous Reactions
  • 11.4. Dermatological Complications from Bed Bug Bites
  • 11.5. Systemic Reactions
  • 11.6. Immunological and Pathogenic Mechanisms
  • 11.7. Dermatopathology
  • 11.8. Differential Diagnoses of Bed Bug Bites
  • 11.9. Clinical Management
  • 11.10. Conclusion
  • References
  • 12. Bed Bugs and Infectious Diseases / Stephen L. Doggett
  • 12.1. Introduction
  • 12.2. Vectors and Transmission Pathways
  • 12.3. Bed Bugs and Infectious Diseases: an Overview
  • 12.4. Why do Bed Bugs not Transmit Infectious Diseases?
  • 12.5. Future Hunt for Pathogens: A Cautionary Note
  • 12.6. Conclusion
  • References
  • 13. Mental Health Impacts / David Kaiser
  • 13.1. Introduction
  • 13.2. Methods
  • 13.3. Main Findings
  • 13.4. What Can Be Inferred from the Current State of the Literature?
  • 13.5. Limitations and Future Research
  • 13.6. Conclusion
  • References
  • 14. Miscellaneous Health Impacts / Stephen L. Doggett
  • 14.1. Introduction
  • 14.2. Respiratory Issues
  • 14.3. Blood Loss
  • 14.4. Sleep Loss
  • 14.5. Chemical Exposure
  • 14.6. Miscellaneous Health Impacts
  • References
  • 15. Fiscal Impacts / Molly S. Wilson
  • 15.1. Introduction
  • 15.2. Types of Cost
  • 15.3. Costs to the Multi-Unit Housing Industry
  • 15.4. Cost to the Hospitality and Travel Industry
  • 15.5. Cost to the Retail Industry
  • 15.6. Brand Damage in the Housing, Hospitality, and Retail Industries
  • 15.7. Legal Expenses
  • 15.8. Cost to Pest Management Companies
  • 15.9. Bed Bug Management Revenues
  • 15.10. Conclusions
  • References
  • pt. IV Bed Bug Biology
  • 16. Bed Bug Biology / Michael T. Siva-Jothy
  • 16.1. Introduction
  • 16.2. Hematophagy
  • 16.3. Anachoresis
  • 16.4. Flightlessness
  • 16.5. Reproduction
  • 16.6. Egg Laying
  • 16.7. Host-seeking Behavior
  • 16.8. Harborage Seeking Behavior and Aggregation
  • 16.9. Dispersal
  • References
  • 17. Chemical Ecology / Gerhard Gries
  • 17.1. Introduction
  • 17.2. Olfaction and Contact Chemoreception
  • 17.2.1. General Introduction
  • 17.2.2. Olfactory Sensilla on Bed Bug Antennae and their Responses to Odorants
  • 17.2.3. Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Olfaction
  • 17.3. Pheromones
  • 17.3.1. Alarm Pheromone
  • 17.3.2. Aggregation Pheromone
  • 17.3.3. Sex-attractant Pheromone
  • 17.3.4. Anti-mating and Anti-aphrodisiac Pheromones
  • 17.4. Host Seeking
  • References
  • 18. Population Genetics / Edward L. Vargo
  • 18.1. Introduction
  • 18.2. Evolution of Modern Bed Bugs
  • 18.3. Genetic Variation Within Populations
  • 18.4. Genetic Variation Among Populations
  • 18.5. Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy
  • 18.5.1. Variation in Heteroplasmy Across Host Lineages and Among Populations
  • 18.5.2. Implications of Heteroplasmy
  • 18.5.3. Insecticide Resistance, kdr, and Geographic Variation
  • 18.6. Future Directions in Bed Bug Population Genetics
  • References
  • 19. Physiology / Joshua B. Benoit
  • 19.1. Introduction
  • 19.2. Stress Tolerance and Starvation Resistance
  • 19.3. Blood Feeding
  • 19.4. Reproduction and Development
  • 19.5. Summary and Future Directions
  • References
  • 20. Symbionts / Mark Goodman
  • 20.1. Introduction
  • 20.2. Identity of Endosymbionts
  • 20.3. Impact of Symbionts on Bed Bug Biology
  • 20.4. Transmission of Symbionts
  • 20.5. Symbionts and Bed Bug Management
  • References
  • 21. Bed Bug Laboratory Maintenance / Kevin R. Ulrich
  • 21.1. Introduction
  • 21.2. General Colony Maintenance
  • 21.2.1. Containers and Harborages
  • 21.3. Feeding Techniques
  • 21.3.1. In-vivo and In-vitro Blood Sources
  • 21.3.2. In-vitro feeding units
  • 21.4. Need for Plasma
  • 21.5. Development of an Artificial Blood Source
  • References
  • pt. V Bed Bug Management
  • 22. Bed Bug Industry Standards: Australia / Stephen L.
  • Doggett
  • 22.1. Introduction
  • 22.2. Why was the Code Required?
  • 22.3. History and Aims of the Code
  • 22.4. Key Elements of the Code
  • 22.5. Benefits of the Code
  • References
  • 23. Bed Bug Industry Standards: Europe / Richard Naylor
  • 23.1. Introduction
  • 23.2. Why was the Code Required?
  • 23.3. History and Aims of the Code
  • 23.4. Benefits of the Code
  • References
  • 24. Bed Bug Industry Standards: USA / Jim Fredericks
  • 24.1. Introduction
  • 24.2. History and Development of the NPMA Best Management Practices for Bed Bugs
  • 24.3. Target Audience
  • 24.4. Key Elements of the NPMA Best Management Practices
  • 24.5. Marketing and Adoption of the NPMA Best Management Practices
  • 24.6. Acceptance of the BMP
  • References
  • 25. Pest Control Company Perspective / David G. Lilly
  • 25.1. Introduction
  • 25.2. Resurgence
  • 25.2.1. Rapid and Sustainable Growth
  • 25.2.2. Lack of Industry Preparedness
  • 25.2.3. Lack of Public Awareness
  • 25.3. Responsibility and Liability
  • 25.3.1. Educating the Client
  • 25.3.2. Liability for Services
  • 25.3.3. Financial Burden
  • 25.4. Inspection and Control Methods
  • 25.4.1. Inspection and Monitoring Tools
  • 25.4.2. Chemical Applications and Resistance
  • 25.4.3. Non-chemical Applications
  • 25.4.4. Training and Maintaining Service Consistency
  • 25.5. Conclusion
  • References
  • 26. Prevention / Molly S. Wilson
  • 26.1. Introduction
  • 26.2. Education
  • 26.3. Monitors
  • 26.4. Mattress Encasements
  • 26.5. Desiccant Dusts
  • 26.6. Heat
  • 26.6.1. Clothes Dryers
  • 26.6.2. Heat Chambers
  • 26.7. Bed Bug Management Policy
  • References
  • 27. Detection and Monitoring / Changlu Wang
  • 27.1. Importance of Detection and Monitoring
  • 27.2. Detection of Bed Bugs
  • 27.2.1. Resident Interviews or Surveys
  • 27.2.2. Visual Inspection
  • 27.2.3. Canine Scent Detection
  • 27.2.4. Bed Bug Monitors
  • Passive Monitors
  • Active Monitors.
  • Note continued: 27.3. Field Comparison of Detection Methods
  • 27.4. Bed Bug Inspections
  • 27.4.1. Detection
  • Proactive inspections
  • Reactive inspections
  • 27.4.2. Inspections to Guide and Evaluate Treatment
  • 27.4.3. Inspections to Determine Elimination
  • 27.4.4. Inspections in Non-traditional Settings
  • Conflict of Interest Statement
  • References
  • 28. Non-chemical Control / Stephen A. Kells
  • 28.1. Introduction
  • 28.2. Excluding Bed Bugs
  • 28.3. Physically Removing Bed Bugs
  • 28.4. Creating Adverse Environmental Conditions against Bed Bugs
  • 28.4.1. Basic Conditions Causing Lethality
  • 28.4.2. Basic Conditions for High-temperature Control
  • Equipment for Delivery of High Temperatures through Steam Applications
  • Equipment for Delivery of High Temperatures through Dry Heat Applications
  • Basic Conditions for Delivery of Low-temperature Treatments
  • Considerations for Delivery of Low Temperatures
  • 28.5. Biological Agents Tested Against Bed Bugs
  • 28.6. Other Non-Chemical Control Methods
  • 28.7. Conclusion
  • References
  • 29. Insecticide Resistance / Alvaro Romero
  • 29.1. Introduction
  • 29.2. Insecticides and Insecticide Resistance in Bed Bugs
  • 29.3. Metabolic Resistance
  • 29.4. Reduced Penetration Resistance
  • 29.5. Target-site Resistance
  • 29.6. Evolution of Resistance and Fitness Costs
  • 29.7. Conclusions
  • References
  • 30. Chemical Control / Stephen L. Doggett
  • 30.1. Introduction
  • 30.2. Insecticide Classes used Against Bed Bugs
  • 30.2.1. Pyrethroids
  • 30.2.2. Organophosphates and Carbamates
  • 30.2.3. Neonicotinoids
  • 30.2.4. Halogenated Pyrroles
  • 30.2.5. Insect Growth Regulators
  • 30.2.6. Inorganic and Mineral Compounds
  • 30.2.7. Botanical Insecticides
  • 30.2.8. Poisonous Gases
  • 30.3. Insecticide Formulations for Bed Bug Management
  • 30.3.1. Liquid Sprays
  • 30.3.2. Pressurized Aerosols
  • 30.3.3. Dusts
  • 30.3.4. Fumigants
  • 30.3.5. Permethrin-impregnated Fabrics
  • 30.3.6. Insect Repellents
  • 30.3.7. Total Release Foggers
  • 30.4. Factors Affecting Insecticide Efficacy
  • 30.4.1. Test Method
  • 30.4.2. Test Substrate
  • 30.4.3. Test Arena
  • 30.4.4. Experimental Details
  • 30.4.5. Strain and Bed Bug Species
  • Susceptible, Resistant, or Both Strains
  • References
  • 31. Limitations of Bed Bug Management Technologies / Mark F. Feldlaufer
  • 31.1. Introduction
  • 31.2. Bed Bug Detection
  • 31.2.1. Traps
  • 31.2.2. Canines
  • 31.2.3. Novel Detection Methods
  • 31.3. Bed Bug Control
  • 31.3.1. Housing Types
  • 31.3.2. Chemical Control Methods
  • 31.3.3. Other Chemical Control Products
  • 31.3.4. Non-chemical Bed Bug Control Methods
  • 31.3.5. Heat
  • 31.3.6. Other Non-chemical Controls
  • References
  • 32. Bed Bug Education / Dini M. Miller
  • 32.1. Introduction
  • 32.2. Strategies and Successes in Bed Bug Education
  • 32.3. Educational Programs Focusing on Bed Bugs
  • 32.4. Media
  • 32.5. Effect of Social Media on Bed Bug Education
  • 32.6. Identifying the Target Audience
  • 32.7. Effective Adult Education
  • 32.8. Measuring the Impacts of Bed Bug Education
  • 32.9. Conclusion
  • References
  • pt. VI Bed Bug Control in Specific Situations
  • 33. Low-income Housing / Changlu Wang
  • 33.1. Introduction
  • 33.2. Management of Bed Bugs in Low-income Housing
  • 33.3. Components of a Successful Building- or Complex-wide IPM Program
  • 33.3.1. Education
  • 33.3.2. Identification of Apartments with Existing Bed Bug Activity
  • 33.3.3. Preparation of Apartments for Treatment
  • 33.3.4. Treatment of Apartments with Bed Bug Activity
  • 33.3.5. Follow-up Service Visits
  • 33.3.6. Contracts and the Role of Property Management
  • 33.4. Future
  • References
  • 34. Multi-Unit Housing / Dint M. Miller
  • 34.1. Introduction
  • 34.2. Challenges Unique to the Human Living Environment
  • 34.3. Obstructions to Control Success
  • 34.3.1. Challenges Unique to Multi-unit Housing
  • 34.3.2. Human Host Behavior
  • 34.3.3. Financial Limitations for Multi-unit Housing Managers and Owners
  • 34.3.4. Pest Management Limitations
  • 34.4. Future Prospects for Success
  • References
  • 35. Shelters / Molly S. Wilson
  • 35.1. Introduction
  • 35.2. Challenges in Shelters
  • 35.3. Obstacles to Successful Control
  • 35.4. Methods of Control in Shelters
  • 35.5. Key Elements to Successful Control
  • References
  • 36. Hotels / David Cain
  • 36.1. Introduction
  • 36.2. Bed Bugs in Hotels: The Challenges
  • 36.3. Successful Bed Bug Management in Hotels
  • References
  • 37. Healthcare Facilities / Stephen L. Doggett
  • 37.1. Introduction
  • 37.2. Challenges Bed Bugs Pose to Healthcare Facilities
  • 37.3. History of Bed Bugs in Healthcare Facilities
  • 37.4. Bed Bugs in Healthcare Facilities with the Modern Resurgence
  • 37.5. Bed Bug Management in Healthcare Facilities
  • References
  • 38. Aircraft / Catherine Juson
  • 38.1. Introduction
  • 38.2. Aviation Entomology
  • a Brief History
  • 38.3. Bed Bug Management on Aircraft: The Challenges
  • 38.4. Bed Bug Management on Aircraft
  • 38.5. Improving the Pest Management Protocol
  • References
  • 39. Cruise Ships and Trains / Garry Jones
  • 39.1. Introduction
  • 39.2. Cruise Ships and Ferries
  • 39.3. Trains
  • 39.4. Conclusion
  • References
  • 40. Poultry Industry / Allen Szalanski
  • 40.1. History
  • Cimicids and Poultry
  • 40.2. Mexican Chicken Bug, Haematosiphon inodorus
  • 40.3. Brazilian Chicken Bug, Ornithocoris toledoi
  • 40.4. Tropical Bed Bug, Cimex hemipterus
  • 40.5. Common Bed Bug, Cimex lectularius
  • 40.6. Biology and Impact of Cimex lectularius on Poultry
  • 40.7. Dispersal
  • 40.8. Bed Bug Control in Poultry Facilities
  • 40.9. Insecticide Assays
  • References
  • pt. VII Legal Issues
  • 41. Bed Bugs and the Law in the USA / Dini M. Miller
  • 41.1. Introduction
  • 41.2. Registration of Pesticides
  • 41.3. Legal Requirements Regarding Who Can Apply Pesticides in the USA
  • 41.4. Legal Requirements for PMPs Regarding the Standard of Care
  • 41.5. Public Health Acts Regarding Bed Bugs
  • 41.6. Bed Bug-related Statutes, Laws, and Ordinances
  • 41.7. Laws Addressing Bed Bug Remediation
  • 41.8. Tenants and Public Housing
  • 41.9. Legal Standing Clients Encountering Bed Bugs in Temporary Occupancies
  • 41.10. Bed Bug Lawsuit Landscape
  • 41.11. Conclusion
  • References
  • 42. Bed Bugs and the Law in the United Kingdom / Cllve Boase
  • 42.1. Introduction
  • 42.2. Training of Pest Management Professionals
  • 42.3. Bed Bug Pesticide Approval
  • 42.4. Tenants, Guests and Bed Bugs
  • 42.5. Local Authority Duties and Powers Regarding Bed Bugs
  • References
  • 43. Bed Bugs and the Law in Australia / Stephen L. Doggett
  • 43.1. Introduction
  • 43.2. Registration and Use of Bed Bug Management Products
  • 43.3. Legal Requirements of Pest Management Professionals
  • 43.4. Public Health Laws Regarding Bed Bugs
  • 43.5. Tenancy and Public Housing
  • 43.6. Bed Bug Legal Cases
  • References
  • 44. Bed Bugs and the Law in Asia / Chow-Yang Lee
  • 44.1. Introduction
  • 44.2. Registration and Use of Bed Bug Management Products
  • 44.3. Legal Requirements for Pest Management Professionals
  • 44.4. Bed Bug Legal Cases
  • 44.6. Future
  • References
  • 45. On Being an Expert Witness / Dini M. Miller
  • 45.1. Introduction
  • 45.2. What is an Expert Witness?
  • 45.3. Expert's Role
  • 45.4. Providing Expert Testimony
  • 45.5. Bed Bugs in a Court Case
  • 45.6. Summary
  • References
  • pt. VIII Bed Bugs: the Future
  • 46. Bed Bugs: the Future / Stephen L. Doggett
  • Summary
  • References.

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