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|a (TOE)ost909955
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|a (TOE)909955
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|c TOE
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|a E 1.99:bnl--77901-2007-ir
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|a E 1.99:bnl--77901-2007-ir
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| 088 |
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|a bnl--77901-2007-ir
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| 245 |
0 |
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|a ADVANCED CEMENTS FOR GEOTHERMAL WELLS
|h [electronic resource]
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| 260 |
|
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|a Washington, D.C. :
|b United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science ;
|a Oak Ridge, Tenn. :
|b distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy,
|c 2007.
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| 336 |
|
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|a text
|b txt
|2 rdacontent.
|
| 337 |
|
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|a computer
|b c
|2 rdamedia.
|
| 338 |
|
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|a online resource
|b cr
|2 rdacarrier.
|
| 500 |
|
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|a Published through the Information Bridge: DOE Scientific and Technical Information.
|
| 500 |
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|a 01/01/2007.
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| 500 |
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|a "bnl--77901-2007-ir"
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| 500 |
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|a "EB4005030"
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| 500 |
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|a SUGAMA,T.
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| 520 |
3 |
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|a Using the conventional well cements consisting of the calcium silicate hydrates (CaO-SiO₂-H₂O system) and calcium aluminum silicate hydrates (CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-H₂O system) for the integrity of geothermal wells, the serious concern confronting the cementing industries was their poor performance in mechanically supporting the metallic well casing pipes and in mitigating the pipe's corrosion in very harsh geothermal reservoirs. These difficulties are particularly acute in two geological regions: One is the deep hot downhole area (≈ 1700 m depth at temperatures of ≈ 320 C) that contains hyper saline water with high concentrations of CO₂ (> 40,000 ppm) in conjunction with ≈ 100 ppm H₂S at a mild acid of pH ≈ 5.0; the other is the upper well region between the well's surface and ≈ 1000 m depth at temperatures up to 200 C. The specific environment of the latter region is characterized by highly concentrated H₂SO₄ (pH < 1.5) brine containing at least 5000 ppm CO₂. When these conventional cements are emplaced in these harsh environments, their major shortcoming is their susceptibility to reactions with hot CO₂ and H₂SO4, thereby causing their deterioration brought about by CO₂-catalyzed carbonation and acid-initiated erosion. Such degradation not only reduced rapidly the strength of cements, lowering the mechanical support of casing pipes, but also increased the extent of permeability of the brine through the cement layer, promoting the rate of the pipe's corrosion. Severely carbonated and acid eroded cements often impaired the integrity of a well in less than one year; in the worst cases, casings have collapsed within three months, leading to the need for costly and time-consuming repairs or redrilling operations. These were the reasons why the geothermal well drilling and cementing industries were concerned about using conventional well cements, and further their deterioration was a major impediment in expediting the development of geothermal energy resources.
|
| 536 |
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|b DE-AC02-98CH10886.
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| 536 |
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|b 05171.
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| 650 |
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7 |
|a Corrosion.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Drilling.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Geothermal Energy.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Well Casings.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Performance.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Cementing.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Brines.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Water.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Silicates.
|2 local.
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| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Geothermal Wells.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Calcium Silicates.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Hydrates.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Permeability.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Aluminium.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Cements.
|2 local.
|
| 650 |
|
7 |
|a Geothermal Energy.
|2 edbsc.
|
| 710 |
2 |
|
|a Brookhaven National Laboratory.
|4 res.
|
| 710 |
1 |
|
|a United States.
|b Department of Energy.
|b Office of Science.
|4 spn.
|
| 710 |
1 |
|
|a United States.
|b Department of Energy.
|b Office of Scientific and Technical Information.
|4 dst.
|
| 856 |
4 |
0 |
|u http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/909955-6VIteU/
|z Online Access
|
| 907 |
|
|
|a .b70399438
|b 03-07-23
|c 04-01-12
|
| 998 |
|
|
|a web
|b 04-01-12
|c f
|d m
|e p
|f eng
|g dcu
|h 0
|i 1
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|s 3b571233-d7f9-511b-9414-a3fae289789e
|
| 952 |
f |
f |
|p Can circulate
|a University of Colorado Boulder
|b Online
|c Online
|d Online
|e E 1.99:bnl--77901-2007-ir
|h Superintendent of Documents classification
|i web
|n 1
|
