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Principles of electromagnetic compatibility : laboratory exercises and lectures / Bogdan Adamczyk.

Principles of Electromagnetic Compatibility Understand both the theory and practice of electromagnetic compatibility with this groundbreaking textbook Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC), the ability of a device or system to maintain its operations in an electromagnetic environment without interfere...

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Bibliographic Details
Online Access: Full Text (via Wiley)
Main Author: Adamczyk, Bogdan (Author)
Format: Electronic eBook
Language:English
Published: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley : IEEE Press, [2024]
Subjects:
Electromagnetic compatibility.
Table of Contents:
  • Preface
  • About the Companion Website
  • 1 Frequency Spectra of Digital Signals
  • 1.1 EMC Units
  • 1.1.1 Logarithm and Decibel Definition
  • 1.1.2 Power and Voltage (Current) Gain in dB
  • 1.1.3 EMC dB Units
  • 1.2 Fourier Series Representation of Periodic Signals
  • 1.3 Spectrum of a Clock Signal
  • 1.4 Effect of the Rise Time, Signal Amplitude, Fundamental Frequency, and Duty Cycle on the Signal Spectrum
  • 1.4.1 Effect of the Rise Time
  • 1.4.2 Effect of the Signal Amplitude
  • 1.4.3 Effect of the Fundamental Frequency
  • 1.4.4 Effect of the Duty Cycle
  • 1.5 Laboratory Exercises
  • 1.5.1 Spectrum of a Digital Clock Signal
  • 1.5.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies
  • 1.5.3 Measured Spectrum vs. Calculated Spectrum
  • 1.5.4 Effect of the Rise Time
  • 1.5.5 Effect of the Signal Amplitude
  • 1.5.6 Effect of the Fundamental Frequency
  • 1.5.7 Effect of the Duty Cycle
  • References
  • 2 EM Coupling Mechanisms
  • 2.1 Wavelength and Electrical Dimensions
  • 2.1.1 Concept of a Wave
  • 2.1.2 Uniform Plane EM Wave in Time Domain
  • 2.1.3 Uniform Plane EM Wave in Frequency Domain
  • 2.2 EMC Interference Problem
  • 2.3 Capacitive Coupling
  • 2.3.1 Shielding to Reduce Capacitive Coupling
  • 2.4 Inductive Coupling
  • 2.4.1 Shielding to Reduce Inductive Coupling
  • 2.5 Crosstalk Between PCB Traces
  • 2.6 Common-Impedance Coupling
  • 2.7 Laboratory Exercises
  • 2.7.1 Crosstalk Between PCB Traces
  • References
  • 3 Non-Ideal Behavior of Passive Components
  • 3.1 Resonance in RLC Circuits
  • 3.1.1 "Pure" Series Resonance - Non-Ideal Capacitor Model
  • 3.1.2 "Pure" Parallel Resonance - Ferrite Bead Model
  • 3.1.3 "Hybrid" Series Resonance - Non-Ideal Resistor Model
  • 3.1.4 "Hybrid" Parallel Resonance - Non-Ideal Inductor Model
  • 3.2 Non-Ideal Behavior of Resistors
  • 3.2.1 Circuit Model and Impedance
  • 3.2.2 Parasitic Capacitance Estimation - Discrete Components
  • 3.2.3 Parasitic Capacitance Estimation - PCB Components
  • 3.3 Non-Ideal Behavior of Capacitors
  • 3.3.1 Circuit Model and Impedance
  • 3.3.2 Parasitic Inductance Estimation - Discrete Components
  • 3.3.3 Parasitic Inductance Estimation - PCB Components
  • 3.4 Non-Ideal Behavior of Inductors
  • 3.4.1 Circuit Model and Impedance
  • 3.4.2 Parasitic Capacitance Estimation - Discrete Components
  • 3.4.3 Parasitic Capacitance Estimation - PCB Components
  • 3.5 Non-Ideal Behavior of a PCB Trace
  • 3.5.1 Circuit Model and Impedance
  • 3.6 Impact of the PCB Trace Length on Impedance of the Passive Components
  • 3.6.1 Impedance of a Resistor - Impact of the PCB Trace
  • 3.6.2 Impedance of a Capacitor - Impact of the PCB Trace
  • 3.6.3 Impedance of an Inductor - Impact of the PCB Trace
  • 3.6.4 Impedance of an Inductor vs. Impedance of the PCB Trace
  • 3.7 Laboratory Exercises
  • 3.7.1 Non-Ideal Behavior of Capacitors and Inductors, and Impact of the PCB Trace Length on Impedance
  • 3.7.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies
  • 3.7.3 Laboratory Procedure - Non-Ideal Behavior of Capacitors and Inductors
  • 3.7.4 Laboratory Procedure - Impact of the PCB Trace Length on Impedance
  • References
  • 4 Power Distribution Network
  • 4.1 CMOS Inverter Switching
  • 4.2 Decoupling Capacitors
  • 4.2.1 Decoupling Capacitor Impact - Measurements
  • 4.2.2 Decoupling Capacitor Configurations
  • 4.3 Decoupling Capacitors and Embedded Capacitance
  • 4.3.1 Decoupling Capacitors and Closely vs. Not Closely Spaced Power and Ground Planes
  • 4.3.2 Impact of the Number and Values of the Decoupling Capacitors
  • 4.4 Laboratory Exercises
  • 4.4.1 Decoupling Capacitors
  • 4.4.2 Embedded Capacitance and Decoupling Capacitors
  • References
  • 5 EMC Filters
  • 5.1 Insertion Loss Definition
  • 5.2 Basic Filter Configurations
  • 5.3 Source and Load Impedance Impact
  • 5.4 What Do We Mean by Low or High Impedance?
  • 5.5 LC and CL Filters
  • 5.5.1 LC Filter
  • 5.5.2 CL Filter
  • 5.5.3 LC Filter vs. CL Filter
  • 5.6 Pi and T Filters
  • 5.6.1 Pi Filter
  • 5.6.2 T Filter
  • 5.6.3 Pi Filter vs. T Filter
  • 5.7 LCLC and CLCL Filters
  • 5.7.1 LCLC Filter
  • 5.7.2 CLCL Filter
  • 5.7.3 LCLC Filter vs. CLCL Filter
  • 5.8 Laboratory Exercises
  • 5.8.1 Input Impedance and Insertion Loss of EMC Filters
  • 5.8.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies
  • 5.8.3 Laboratory Procedure
  • References
  • 6 Transmission Lines - Time Domain
  • 6.1 Introduction
  • 6.1.1 Transmission Line Effects
  • 6.1.2 When a Line Is not a Transmission Line
  • 6.1.3 Transmission Line Equations
  • 6.2 Transient Analysis
  • 6.2.1 Reflections at a Resistive Load
  • 6.2.2 Reflections at a Resistive Discontinuity
  • 6.2.3 Reflections at a Shunt Resistive Discontinuity
  • 6.2.4 Reflections with Transmission Lines in Parallel
  • 6.2.5 Reflections at a Reactive Load
  • 6.2.6 Reflections at a Shunt Reactive Discontinuity
  • 6.3 Eye Diagram
  • 6.3.1 Fundamental Concepts
  • 6.3.2 Impact of Driver, HDMI Cable, and Receiver
  • 6.4 Laboratory Exercises
  • 6.4.1 Transmission Line Reflections
  • 6.4.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies
  • 6.4.3 Reflections at a Resistive Load
  • 6.4.4 Bounce Diagram
  • 6.4.5 Reflections at a Resistive Discontinuity
  • References
  • 7 Transmission Lines - Frequency Domain
  • 7.1 Frequency-Domain Solution
  • 7.1.1 The Complete Circuit Model - Voltage, Current, and Input Impedance along the Transmission Line
  • 7.1.2 Frequency-Domain Solution - Example
  • 7.2 Smith Chart and Input Impedance to the Transmission Line
  • 7.2.1 Smith Chart Fundamentals
  • 7.2.2 Input Impedance to the Transmission Line
  • 7.3 Standing Waves and VSWR
  • 7.4 Laboratory Exercises
  • 7.4.1 Input Impedance to Transmission Line - Smith Chart
  • 7.4.2 Laboratory Procedure - Smith Chart
  • References
  • 8 Antennas and Radiation
  • 8.1 Bridge Between the Transmission Line Theory and Antennas
  • 8.2 Electric (Hertzian) Dipole Antenna
  • 8.2.1 Wave Impedance and Far-Field Criterion
  • 8.2.2 Wave Impedance in the Near Field
  • 8.3 Magnetic Dipole Antenna
  • 8.3.1 Wave Impedance and Far-Field Criterion
  • 8.3.2 Wave Impedance in the Near Field
  • 8.4 Half-Wave Dipole and Quarter-Wave Monopole Antennas
  • 8.4.1 Half-Wave Dipole Antenna
  • 8.4.2 Quarter-Wave Monopole Antenna
  • 8.5 Balanced-Unbalanced Antenna Structures and Baluns
  • 8.5.1 Balanced and Unbalanced Half-Wave Dipole Antenna
  • 8.5.2 Sleeve (Bazooka) Balun
  • 8.5.3 Input Impedance to the Transmission Line
  • 8.5.4 Quarter-Wavelength Sleeve Balun
  • 8.6 Sleeve Dipole Antenna Design and Build
  • 8.6.1 Symmetrically Driven Half-Wave Dipole Antenna
  • 8.6.2 Asymmetrically Driven Dipole Antenna and a Sleeve Dipole
  • 8.6.3 Sleeve Dipole Antenna Design
  • 8.6.4 Sleeve Dipole Antenna Design Through Simulation
  • 8.6.5 Construction and Tuning of a Sleeve Dipole
  • 8.7 Antennas Arrays
  • 8.8 Log-Periodic Antenna
  • 8.9 Biconical Antenna
  • 8.10 Antenna Impedance and VSWR
  • 8.11 Laboratory Exercises
  • 8.11.1 Log-Periodic and Bicon Antenna Impedance and VSWR Measurements
  • 8.11.2 Loop Antenna Construction
  • References
  • 9 Differential- and Common-Mode Currents and Radiation
  • 9.1 Differential- and Common-Mode Currents
  • 9.1.1 Common-Mode Current Creation
  • 9.2 Common-Mode Choke
  • 9.3 Differential-Mode and Common-Mode Radiation
  • 9.3.1 Differential-Mode Radiation
  • 9.3.2 Common-Mode Radiation
  • 9.4 Laboratory Exercises
  • 9.4.1 Differential-Mode and Common-Mode Current Measurement
  • 9.4.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies
  • 9.4.3 Laboratory Procedure - Differential-Mode and Common-Mode Current Measurements
  • References
  • 10 Return-Current Path, Flow, and Distribution
  • 10.1 Return-Current Path
  • 10.2 Return-Current Flow
  • 10.3 Return-Current Distribution
  • 10.3.1 Microstrip Line PCB
  • 10.3.2 Stripline PCB
  • 10.4 Laboratory Exercises
  • 10.4.1 Path of the Return Current
  • References
  • 11 Shielding to Prevent Radiation
  • 11.1 Uniform Plane Wave
  • 11.1.1 Skin Depth
  • 11.1.2 Current Density in Conductors
  • 11.1.3 Reflection and Transmission at a Normal Boundary
  • 11.2 Far-Field Shielding
  • 11.2.1 Shielding Effectiveness - Exact Solution
  • 11.2.2 Shielding Effectiveness - Approximate Solution - Version 1
  • 11.2.3 Shielding Effectiveness - Approximate Solution - Version 2
  • 11.2.4 Shielding Effectiveness - Simulations
  • 11.3 Near-Field Shielding
  • 11.3.1 Electric Field Sources
  • 11.3.2 Magnetic Field Sources
  • 11.3.3 Shielding Effectiveness - Simulations
  • 11.3.4.
  • Shielding Effectiveness - Measurements
  • 11.4 Laboratory Exercises
  • 11.4.1 Shielding Effectiveness - Simulations
  • 11.4.2 Shielding Effectiveness - Measurements
  • References
  • 12 SMPS Design for EMC
  • 12.1 Basics of SMPS Operation
  • 12.1.1 Basic SMPS Topology
  • 12.1.2 Basic SMPS Design
  • 12.2 DC/DC Converter Design with EMC Considerations
  • 12.2.1 Switching Frequency
  • 12.2.2 Output Inductor
  • 12.2.3 Output Capacitor
  • 12.2.4 Catch Diode
  • 12.2.5 Input Capacitor
  • 12.2.6 Bootstrap Capacitor
  • 12.2.7 Undervoltage Lockout
  • 12.2.8 Feedback Pin
  • 12.2.9 Compensation Network
  • 12.2.10 Complete Regulator Circuitry
  • 12.2.11 EMC Considerations
  • 12.3 Laboratory Exercises
  • 12.3.1 SMPS Design and Build
  • 12.3.2 Laboratory Equipment and Supplies
  • 12.3.3 Laboratory Procedure
  • References
  • A Evaluation of EMC Emissions and Ground Techniques on 1- and 2-Layer PCBs with Power Converters
  • A. 1 Top-Level Description of the Design Problem
  • A.. 1 Functional Block Details
  • A.1. 2 One-Layer Board Topologies
  • A.1. 3 Two-Layer Board Topologies
  • A. 2 DC/DC Converter - Baseline EMC Emissions Evaluation
  • A.2. 1 CISPR 25 Radiated Emissions Test Results
  • A.. 2 CISPR 25 Conducted Emissions (Voltage Method) Test Results
  • A.2. 3 CISPR 25 Conducted Emissions (Current Method) Test Results
  • A. 3 DC/DC Converter - EMC Countermeasures - Radiated Emissions Results
  • A.3. 1 EMC-A and EMC-E Input and Output Capacitor Impact
  • A.3. 2 EMC-A Input Inductor Impact
  • A.. 3 EMC-C Switching Inductor Impact
  • A.3. 4 EMC-B and EMC-D Snubber Impact
  • A.3. 5 EMC-A, EMC-E - Conducted Emissions Countermeasures Impact
  • A.3. 6 Impact of the Shield Frame
  • A. 4 DC/DC Converter - EMC Countermeasures - Conducted Emissions Results - Voltage Method
  • A.4. 1 EMC-A and EMC-E Input and Output Capacitor Impact
  • A.4. 2 EMC-A Input Inductor Impact
  • A.4. 3 EMC-A Additional Input Capacitors Impact
  • A.. 4 EMC-A Input Inductor Impact
  • A.4. 5 EMC-C Switching Inductor Impact
  • A.4. 6 EMC-B and EMC-D Snubber Impact
  • A. 5 DC/DC Converter - EMC Countermeasures - Conducted Emissions Results - Current Method
  • A.5. 1 EMC-A, EMC-C, and EMC-E Input and Output Capacitor and Inductor Impact
  • A.5. 2 EMC-B and EMC-D Snubber Impact
  • A. 6 PCB Layout Considerations
  • A.6. 1 Introduction
  • A.6. 2 Visualizing Complete Forward and Return Paths
  • A.6. 3 Return-Plane Split in AC-DC Converter
  • A. 7 AC/DC Converter Design with EMC Considerations
  • A.7. 1 AC/DC Converter Schematics and Design Requirements
  • A.7. 2 EMC Considerations
  • A. 8 AC/DC Converter - Baseline EMC Emissions Evaluation
  • A.8. 1 Radiated Emissions Test Results
  • A.8. 2 Conducted Emissions Test Results
  • A. 9 AC/DC Converter - EMC Countermeasures - Conducted and Radiated Emissions Results
  • A.9. 1 Conducted Emissions Test Results
  • A.9. 2 Radiated Emissions Test Results
  • A. 10 Complete System - Conducted and Radiated Emissions Results
  • A.0. 1 Complete System and Board Topologies
  • A.10. 2 Conducted Emissions Results
  • A.10. 3 Radiated Emissions Results
  • A.10. 4 Conclusions
  • References
  • Index.

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